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Search Feature Catalogue | ![]() |
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About | ![]() |
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Terminology | ![]() |
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Relationship to ISO19110 | ![]() |
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Examples of use | ![]() |
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Archive | ![]() |
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Search datasets & quality | ![]() |
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About datasets & quality | ![]() |

Search Feature Catalogue
About
The SCAR Feature Catalogue was developed by SCAR's Standing Committee on Antarctic Geographic Information. It was presented to XXVII SCAR, 15-26 July 2002, in Shanghai, China.
Spatial data is increasingly available in digital form, managed using GIS software and is often distributed via the web. More data is being exchanged between nations/institutions and used by a variety of disciplines. To promote the interchange of data and the interoperation of GIS, it is necessary to develop a common set of terms to describe the various types of geographic data we are exchanging. The SCAR Feature Catalogue and its content is providing the Antarctic Community with a mechanism to create and manage this set of common terminology. Care has been taken to use emerging ISO TC211 standards in developing the Catalogue.
The SCAR Feature Catalogue provides a detailed description of the nature and the structure of GIS and map data. It follows ISO/DIS 19110, Geographic Information - Methodology for feature cataloguing. Considerable effort has gone into ensuring that the SCAR Feature Catalogue is a unified and efficient tool that can be used with any GIS software and at any scale of geographic information.
The Catalogue content includes data quality information, terminology, database types and attribute options that will apply to any GIS. The SCAR Feature Catalogue uses a database engine and web application to enable any component of the information to be easily viewed, printed, downloaded and updated via the Web.
Terminology
The same term can have a different meaning depending on the GIS software being used. Below is list of the terms used in the SCAR Feature Catalogue and how they are used.
"Geographic features occur at two levels: instances and types. At the instance level, a geographic feature is represented as a discrete phenomenon that is associated with its geographic and temporal coordinates and may be portrayed by a particular graphic symbol. These individual instances are grouped into classes with common characteristics - feature types. It is recognised that geographic information is subjectively perceived and that its content depends upon the needs of particular applications. The needs of the applications determine the way instances are grouped into types within a particular classification scheme." (Source ISO 19110)

Headings used in the Feature Catalogue
Feature Type Name - Text string that uniquely identifies the feature type within the catalogue
Code - Code that uniquely identifies the feature type within the catalogue
Aliases - Name(s) of equivalent feature term(s)
SCAR Feature Attribute Names - Characteristic(s) of the feature type, in order. These must be used, as specified in the Feature Catalogue. All feature types have the following feature attributes: feat_type, ufi, q_info, geometry, dataset_id.
Feat_type - Feature type name.
ufi - A unique feature identifier is created and maintained by the database. Each time a feature instance is added or moved, a new ufi is created. The ufi is only unique for the database that generated it. For datasets that are not stored in a database, the custodian could maintain the ufi. It is used to identify a feature down to the instance level.
Q_info -This is only required when quality information is required for each feature instance, rather than the metadata that describes quality information for the dataset. Q_info requires the same information that a metadata record does. For example, the GPS survey data in the diagram below. For the feature type "island", some of the data may have been collected by driving around in a quad on sea ice where the island edge was difficult to determine and some collected by zodiac when the coastline was definite. Some of this feature type data may be made up of both, for example, "Gust Island". In this example, the feature type is the island, a polygon, but the quality information could be held in the feature type "island boundary", made up of a number of lines, each with a different Q_info value. It is therefore possible to use two feature types, "island" and "island boundary", to describe one island. Only one feature instance would be required for Gust Island, and many feature instances would be required for the island boundary, that make up the island outline. Q_Info value -9999 is used when a value is not necessary. For example, if all quality information is held in the line data, quality information is not necessary for the same features stored as polygons.
geometry - The geometry of the feature such as point, line, polygon, centroid etc. and includes a complete spatial reference such as the horizontal datum and datum year, e.g. ITRF 2000@2000.
Dataset_id - A unique identifier is created and maintained by the dataset creator. There is always a one to one relationship between a dataset_id and a metadata record.
Additional Feature Attribute Names - Characteristic(s) of the feature type, as required by a national authority. Those listed are used by the Australian Antarctic Division, and are only a guide for others.
Comments - additional information that may require discussion or clarification
Feature Type Value - The name of the feature class as listed in the database (maximum of 16 characters) + geometry (eg. aerial_py, aerial_ln and aerial_pt where py is a polygon, ln is a line and pt is a point)
Definition - Definition of the features type
Definition Source - The book, electronic document, URL etc reference from where the definition was sourced.
Feature Operation Names - Text string that uniquely identifies the feature operation within the catalogue. The feature operation is the operation that every instance of a feature type may perform.
Feature Association Names - Text string that uniquely identifies the feature association within the catalogue. The feature association is the relationship that links instances of the feature type with instances of the same or different feature type.
Subtypes of - Identifies one or more feature types from which the subject feature type inherits all properties, including feature operations, feature attributes , and feature associations.

Area of interest - is a feature type that defines the area that a scientist, manager etc. is interested in. It can be used for extracting data from the feature type catalogue. The area could be listed in the SCAR Gazetteer or be defined arbitrarily.
Mapping extent - is a feature type that represents the extent of the area that was mapped in the creation of a dataset
Dataset extent - is the extent of the dataset as determined by GIS software and used by the metadata search.
Connector is a line representing missing data or data that is not visible. For example, snow covering pipes. The Australian Antarctic Division has also used connectors for closing polygon data. Examples
- where a number of contours are too close together and a polygon in the feature class hypsometric area is given a range representing what ideally would be a number of polygons.
- to separate a watercourse polygon from the sea.
- adjacent hydrographic areas with different data quality information.
Reserve words Words reserved by GIS software. For this reason the following words have not been used; group, size, mode, order, row and date.
Relationship to ISO19110
ISO TC211 is the ISO Technical Committee Geographic Information / Geomatics that develops the ISO 191xx family of standards for the field of digital geographic information. The SCAR Feature Catalogue implements ISO/DIS 19110, Geographic Information - Methodology for feature cataloguing.

Below, the SCAR feature as derived from the ISO feature.

Examples of use
Australian Antarctic Division
The Australian Antarctic Data Centre holds most of it's spatial data in an enterprise level database. All this data matches the SCAR Feature Catalogue. Users can view Australia's implementation tables while viewing features in the Catalogue. Users can also search our content for dataset_ids and q-infos.Antarctic Digital Database
The Antarctic Digital Database (ADD) is the premier source of vector topographic data for Antarctica.Project homepage:
http://www.add.scar.org/
SCAR King George Island GIS Web Map Server
The SCAR King George Island GIS (SCAR KGIS) project provides a topographic data base for King George Island, South Shetland Islands. It is a collaborative effort of many countries. The database can be used for research and environmental management.
Project homepage:
http://www.kgis.scar.org
Implementing the Feature Catalogue in a GPS unit
Archive
Features and their attributes stored in the Feature Catalogue can be obtained- on-line through the use of the "Search Feature Catalogue" tab or
- as a downloadable file of all the content in the catalogue.
All files are Microsoft Access 2000 files. They contain populated tables only. That is, the tables are not linked and there are no forms, queries or reports. Please use the online application for this functionality.
Downloadable files
Australian Antarctic Program Quality Information Records
If you know the dataset identifier, Dataset_Id (a number) that uniquely identifies a dataset that you are interested in, it is possible to use the search tool below to view the name of the dataset, its metadata record and any quality information pertaining to its collection. Conversely if you know the quality identifier, Q_Info (a number), you can also access the relevant quality information and obtain a link to the Dataset_Id.
About datasets & quality
In developing the SCAR Feature Catalogue, one of the requirements for the data to comply with ISO standards is to include information on the quality of the data. The person or organisation where the data originates is responsible for assigning the data quality. Information on data quality is not for making a value judgement on the data or the provider of the data, rather it is to enable the user to assess whether the data is suitable for their purpose.
Most Australian data uses the SCAR Feature Catalogue and therefore has a dataset identifier (Dataset_Id) and quality information identifer (Q_Info). AT this time other nations are yet to populate this attribute.
The purpose of describing the quality of geographic data is to facilitate the selection of the geographic dataset best suited to application needs or requirements. Complete descriptions of the quality of a dataset will encourage the sharing, interchange and use of appropriate geographic datasets. A geographic dataset can be viewed as a commodity or product. Information on the quality of geographic data allows a data producer or vendor to validate how well a dataset meets the criteria set forth in its product specification and assists a data user in determining a product's ability to satisfy the requirements for their particular application."
Quote source: Draft International Standard ISO/DIS 19113 Geographic information - Quality principles.
The SCAR Feature Catalogue includes an attribute called Q_Info for every feature instance. The Q_Info is a pointer to data quality information that is held in a Data Quality Table. This table contains the following information for Australian datasets:
Data quality information pointer (number)
Source agency (character; the source agency of the vector feature, eg. AUSLIG, USGS)
Spatial source (character - pick list; type of source data used for defining the position of the feature, eg. satellite image,aerial photograph, actual feature)
Spatial reference (character; an identifying reference to the survey, image, photograph or the like, used to define the position of the feature)
Spatial method (character; the means by which the spatial feature was captured, eg. photogrammetry, digitising, theodolite survey)
Attribute source (character; the primary source or sources used for defining the attributes of the feature, eg. satellite image, aerial photograph, map)
Attribute reference (character; an identifying reference to the map, image, photograph or the like, used to define the attributes of the feature; may be more than one reference)
Spatial reliability date (date; the date of the spatial source, eg. the date of the satellite image used to define the position of the feature)
Attribute reliability date (date; the date of the attribute source, eg. the date of the satellite image used to define the attributes of the feature; where a feature has a number of attributes the reliability date is that of the most recently validated attribute)
Planimetric accuracy (number; an estimate in metres of the standard deviation of the error in the horizontal coordinates)
Elevation accuracy (number; an estimate in metres of the standard deviation of the error in the vertical coordinate; -9999 is used for entries that are not valid)




